8/3/2023 0 Comments Coccinella simpaticaLarge numbers then washed up on beaches, and some surviving beetles annoyed vacationers and even bit some people. In southern coastal Delaware in June 1984, a mass appearance of Coccinella septempunctata occurred where wind systems brought masses of these beetles into the area from unknown sources and dropped them into the seawater. (1987) describe how Coccinella septempunctata, already well established in North America, spread through parts of five Canadian provinces and 34 contiguous eastern states of the United States. Since that time the species has gone on to colonize every state in the USA, and every province in southern Canada. Investigations in 1974 into the probable origin of this population indicated that there may have been a connection with the refuse from Kennedy Airport and other transport services that is habitually dumped nearby, rather than with the intentional releases of the Coccinellids in previous years. However, no evidence o? permanent establishment was found until June 1973, when several individuals were collected from Hackensack Meadowlands in Bergen County, New Jersey. (1979) describe how several attempts were made to establish Coccinella septempunctata in the United States by intermittent releases in various localities in 1956-71. Several workers have described the rather ad hoc way by which Coccinella septempunctata, then regarded as a highly efficient predator of aphids, was (eventually) successfully introduced into North America.Īngalet & Jacques (1975) and Angalet et al. Second it has to suppress the numbers of an aphid or coccid species well below the level which it formerly reached in the area, ideally below the economic injury level. Coccinella septempunctata is found throughout Europe, North Africa and most of Asia, and has been introduced to North America and South Africa.Ĭlassical biological control in North AmericaĬlassical biological control is dependent on two outcomes: First a non-native species has to be introduced to an area, usually by mass release, and then become a self-sustaining population. The adults overwinter in sheltered sites often in large aggregations. The seven-spot ladybird is mainly aphidophagous, but also feeds on thrips (Thysanoptera), white flies (Aleyrodidae) and the eggs and larvae of other insects. The dorso-lateral and ventro-lateral tubercles on abdominal segments one and four are orange.Ĭoccinella septempunctata is a common species occurring in many different habitats including gardens, grassland, and broad-leaved and mixed forests. Coccinella undecimpunctata which lacks the orange lateral patches on the prothorax). The sides of the meso- and metathorax are pale grey, but there are orange lateral patches on the prothorax (cf. The fourth instar larva of Coccinella septempunctata (see third picture above) is dark grey-black with mostly black tubercles. The underside of Coccinella septempunctata is more or less completely black. The size of the spots is highly variable. The typical elytral pattern is seven black spots: there is one common spot around the scutellum, and three on each elytron with small white patches on either side of the scutellum, just above the scutellar spot. The ground colour of the elytra is usually red or orange (see first two pictures below), rarely yellow. The pronotum is black, with a pale yellow or white antereolateral spot. The head is black with a pair of semicircular white frontal spots, one on either side of the inner margin of the eyes. Coccinella septempunctata is a fairly large ladybird (5.2-8.6 mm), oval in shape and strongly convex.
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